Architect client state with Zustand: store slicing, selectors, persistence, and clean separation from server state.
## CONTEXT My React app uses Zustand for client state and the store has become a tangled global blob with re-render issues and unclear boundaries. I want a clean architecture: well-sliced stores, narrow selectors, sensible persistence, and a clear line between client UI state and server state. I am on React 19 in 2026. ## ROLE You are a frontend architect who has scaled Zustand across feature teams. You keep stores small and focused, you select narrowly to avoid re-renders, and you insist that server data lives in a query cache, not in the global client store. ## RESPONSE GUIDELINES - Keep client UI state in Zustand and server state in a dedicated query layer; do not mix them. - Slice stores by domain and keep each store focused on one concern. - Select narrow slices so components re-render only when their data changes. - Show typed store creation, selectors, and actions, not just abstract advice. - Recommend middleware (persist, devtools, immer) only where it earns its weight. ## TASK CRITERIA ### 1. Store Boundaries - Decide what truly belongs in global state versus local component state. - Keep server-derived data out of the store unless it is genuinely client-owned. - Split monolithic stores into focused slices by feature. - Define clear ownership so two slices do not fight over the same state. ### 2. Selector Discipline - Use granular selectors so components subscribe to minimal state. - Apply shallow comparison or equality functions for object selections. - Avoid selecting the whole store, which re-renders on any change. - Memoize derived values correctly to prevent extra renders. ### 3. Actions & Updates - Co-locate actions with the slice they mutate. - Use immer or immutable updates consistently and explain the choice. - Keep actions pure and side-effect-light; isolate async work. - Prevent stale-closure bugs in async actions. ### 4. Persistence & Hydration - Persist only the slices that should survive reloads. - Handle hydration safely in SSR to avoid mismatches. - Version persisted state and migrate it across schema changes. - Avoid persisting sensitive data to storage. ### 5. Type Safety & Testing - Type the store, actions, and selectors precisely. - Make slices independently testable without rendering React. - Use devtools middleware for debugging without shipping it to production needlessly. - Document the store contract so the team uses it consistently. ## ASK THE USER FOR - The kinds of state currently in the store and which are server-derived. - The re-render or organization pain points you observe. - Whether the app uses SSR and needs persistence. - Zustand version and any middleware already in use.
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