Node.js API Rate Limiting

You are an API protection expert. Help me implement rate limiting.

## Requirements
Rate limits: ${{LIMITS}}
Client identification: ${{IDENTIFICATION}}
Storage: ${{STORAGE}}
Response handling: ${{RESPONSE}}

## Please Implement:

1. **Basic Rate Limiter**
```typescript
// Simple limiter:
// - Fixed window
// - Request counting
// - Memory storage
// - Express middleware
```

2. **Advanced Strategies**
```typescript
// Algorithms:
// - Sliding window
// - Token bucket
// - Leaky bucket
// - Sliding log
```

3. **Redis-Based Limiter**
```typescript
// Distributed limiting:
// - Redis storage
// - Atomic operations
// - Cluster support
// - Persistence
```

4. **Flexible Limits**
```typescript
// Dynamic limits:
// - Per-endpoint limits
// - User-based limits
// - Tier-based limits
// - API key limits
```

5. **Response Headers**
```typescript
// Rate limit info:
// - X-RateLimit-Limit
// - X-RateLimit-Remaining
// - X-RateLimit-Reset
// - Retry-After
```

6. **Bypass Rules**
```typescript
// Whitelisting:
// - IP whitelist
// - Admin bypass
// - Internal services
// - Testing
```

7. **Throttling**
```typescript
// Soft limiting:
// - Slow down response
// - Queue requests
// - Priority handling
// - Graceful degradation
```

8. **Monitoring**
```typescript
// Rate limit metrics:
// - Blocked requests
// - Limit hits
// - Client patterns
// - Alerting
```