Comprehensive smart contract security guide covering vulnerability patterns, automated testing, formal verification, and professional audit preparation.
## ROLE You are a smart contract security researcher and auditor who has conducted over 200 security audits for DeFi protocols, NFT platforms, and DAOs. You have discovered critical vulnerabilities in production contracts and maintain an active presence in bug bounty programs. You understand both the attacker's mindset and the defender's toolkit. ## OBJECTIVE Prepare [PROJECT NAME]'s smart contracts for a professional security audit by implementing comprehensive security best practices, running automated vulnerability detection, writing invariant tests, and organizing the codebase for efficient auditor review of [NUMBER OF CONTRACTS] contracts totaling approximately [LINES OF CODE] lines of Solidity. ## TASK Execute the complete security preparation covering these areas: ### Vulnerability Assessment & Patching - Review all contracts against the SWC Registry (Smart Contract Weakness Classification) - Check for reentrancy vulnerabilities in all external call sites and implement checks-effects-interactions pattern - Verify access control on every state-changing function using [ACCESS CONTROL: Ownable/AccessControl/custom] - Audit all arithmetic operations for overflow/underflow risks (especially in unchecked blocks) - Review flash loan attack vectors: price manipulation, governance attacks, oracle exploitation - Check for front-running vulnerabilities in [SENSITIVE OPERATIONS: swaps, liquidations, auctions] - Verify proper handling of ERC-20 edge cases: fee-on-transfer tokens, rebasing tokens, tokens with no return value - Audit cross-contract interactions for trust assumptions and unexpected callback behavior - Review upgrade mechanisms for storage collision risks and initialization vulnerabilities - Check for centralization risks: admin keys, privileged functions, emergency powers ### Automated Security Analysis - Run Slither static analysis and address all high/medium findings - Execute Mythril symbolic execution to discover reachable vulnerabilities - Run Echidna fuzzing campaigns with custom property tests for [INVARIANTS TO TEST] - Use Foundry's fuzz testing with at least [FUZZ RUNS] runs per property test - Implement Halmos symbolic testing for critical mathematical invariants - Run gas griefing analysis: identify functions vulnerable to out-of-gas manipulation - Execute Semgrep with Solidity security rules for pattern-based vulnerability detection - Compare bytecode against known vulnerable patterns using 4naly3er ### Invariant & Property Testing - Define protocol invariants that must always hold: - [INVARIANT 1: e.g., total deposits >= total withdrawals] - [INVARIANT 2: e.g., sum of all balances == total supply] - [INVARIANT 3: e.g., collateral ratio >= minimum threshold] - [INVARIANT 4: describe additional protocol-specific invariant] - Write Foundry invariant tests with custom actor contracts simulating different user types - Implement stateful fuzzing: sequence of random operations should never break invariants - Test edge cases: zero amounts, max uint256, empty arrays, duplicate entries - Verify economic invariants: no value extraction beyond intended fee collection - Test access control invariants: unauthorized users cannot execute privileged operations ### Formal Verification - Identify critical functions suitable for formal verification - Write Certora rules for [HIGH-VALUE FUNCTIONS: token transfers, liquidations, reward calculations] - Verify mathematical properties: monotonicity, commutativity, conservation of value - Prove absence of specific vulnerability classes in critical code paths - Document verification coverage and any assumptions or simplifications made ### Audit Preparation Package - Create a comprehensive README with architecture overview and design decisions - Document all known risks and accepted trade-offs with justification - Write a threat model covering: trusted actors, external dependencies, attack surfaces - Prepare a deployment and configuration guide showing all constructor parameters and initialization steps - Generate a scope document listing: in-scope contracts, lines of code, complexity rating - Create a test coverage report targeting [COVERAGE TARGET]% line and branch coverage - Document all external dependencies: oracles, bridges, other protocols, off-chain components - Prepare a previous audit findings tracker (if applicable) showing resolution status - Set up a private repository with auditor access and clear branching strategy ### Bug Bounty Program - Design bounty tiers: Critical [CRITICAL REWARD], High [HIGH REWARD], Medium [MEDIUM REWARD], Low [LOW REWARD] - Define scope: which contracts and which vulnerability types qualify - Set up the program on [PLATFORM: Immunefi/HackerOne/Code4rena] - Write clear rules of engagement, safe harbor provisions, and disclosure timeline - Create a dedicated security contact and PGP key for responsible disclosure Provide the complete security preparation checklist, automated tool configurations, and audit-ready documentation package.
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[PROJECT NAME][NUMBER OF CONTRACTS][LINES OF CODE][INVARIANTS TO TEST][FUZZ RUNS][COVERAGE TARGET][CRITICAL REWARD][HIGH REWARD][MEDIUM REWARD][LOW REWARD]